Introduction:

The ELTS (EUTOS-long-term survival) score was developed to predict the probability of leukemia-related mortality in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) diagnosed in the chronic phase (CP). In Perú, there is a lack of registries that reflect the mortality associated with leukemia in CML patients.

Objectives:

This study aims to evaluate the impact of the ELTS score and the SOKAL score to estimate leukemia-related mortality in a cohort of patients from 6 hospitals in Lima-Perú.

Methodology:

A real-life observational retrospective study collected epidemiological and clinical data of de novo CML patients diagnosed between 2007 and 2024, from 6 hemato-oncology centers in Lima. Patients were treated according to each center's guidelines and resources, and the data was obtained from their respective databases.

Results:

In 507 CP-CML patients (ratio male/female 1.77) with a median age of 45.48 years old (7 - 90 yo), the Sokal score was low in 19.9% (n= 101), intermediate in 25.6% (n=130), and high in 54.4% (n=276). ELTS score was low in 37.1% (n=188), intermediate in 33.5% (n=170), and high in 29.4% (n=149) of patients.

There was a total of 85 deaths in all the cohort, of which 53 were leukemia-related, 29 were non-leukemia-related and 3 were from unknown causes. According to the ELTS score, there were 22 (14.8%), 16 (9.4%), and 15 (8%) leukemia-related deaths in the group of high, intermediate, and low risk, respectively. With the Sokal score, the leukemia-related deaths were 32 (11.6%), 7 (5.4%), and 14 (13.9%) in the group of high, intermediate, and low risk, respectively.

The cumulative incidence of leukemia-related mortality according to the ELTS score at 5 and 10 years was: 17.5% and 32.3% (high risk), 9.1% and 23.6% (intermediate risk), 5.39% and 14.1% (low risk) respectively (p=0.013). According to the Sokal score, we did not find a statistically significant difference in leukemia-related mortality in the different groups.

Conclusions:

In this Peruvian cohort, we found that the ELTS score was an effective tool for estimating the risk of leukemia-related mortality, in contrast to the Sokal score. To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies in Latin America about the impact of ELTS score in CML patients.

Disclosures

No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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2024
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